ISOLATED FOOTING

The isolated footing is one of the most popular, economical and  simplest type of foundation used world wide. An isolated footing is used support a single column. These are independent footings which are provided for each column. This types of footing used when-

1. Columns are closely spaced 
2. Load on footing are less
3. The Safe bearing capacity of soil is high.

TYPES OF BOTTOM SLABS

An isolated footing essentially consist of a bottom slab.There are three types of bottom slabs as follows-

1. Pad Footing
2. Stepped Footing 
3. Slopped Footing

DIFFERENT SHAPES IN PLAN

Isolated footing can have different shapes in plan, generally it depends up on the shape of cross-section of the column. Some of the popular shapes in the plan of the footing are-

1. Square Footing 
2. Rectangular Footing
3. Slopped Footing

STEPS TO CONSTRUCT AN ISOLATED FOOTING

1. Positioning footing location 
2. Earth excavation 
3. Preparing the base
4. Making form-work
5. Placing reinforcement 
6. Proving cover block
7. Placing column reinforcement 
8. Pouring concrete
9. Removing form-work
10. Back filling