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COMMON BUILDING COMPONENTS

SUPER STRUCTURE
The super structure is that part of the building which is above the ground and which serve the purpose of buildings intended use. It includes-
  • Plinth
  • Wall
  • Coulums
  • Arches
  • Roofs & Slabs
  • Lintel
  • Chajjas 
  • Parapet
  • Stairs & Steps
SUBSTRUCTURE 
The substructure is the lower portion of the building which is located below ground level which transmits the load of the superstructure to the sub soil. It includes-
  • Foundation
NOMINAL DIMENSIONS OF BUILDING COMPONENT
Building Component
Nominal Dimensions
Plinth (Height)
30, 45, 60, 75, 90 cm
Wall (Thickness)
Partition Wall
Load bearing Wall

10 cm
20, 30, 40 cm
Lintel (Thickness)
15 cm
Lintel (Height)
2.0 m from floor level
Chajja Projection
30, 45, 60, 75, 90 cm
Slab (Thickness)
0.1-0.15 m
Parapet Wall (Thickness)
10 cm
Parapet Height
1 m
Door (Width)
0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.2 m
Door (Height)
1.8, 2.0, 2.1 m
Sill Height
0.07-0.1 m
Column Size
Square 20x20, 30x30 cm
Rectangular 20x30 cm
Circular 20Ф, 30Ф
Column Footing
1x1x1m below ground
Depth of Beam
30, 45, 60 cm
Steps
No. of risers = Height of Ceiling+ Slab thickness/ Riser height
No. of Treads= No. of Risers-1
Riser Height
15-20 cm
Tread Width
25, 30, 35 cm
Width of steps
Minimum 1 m

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