CONSTRUCTION TOOLS AND THEIR USES

1. HOE:

A hoe is a tool used to digging soil and to place cement mortar, concrete in head pan.

2. PICK AXE:

It is a hand tool with hard metal head and wooden handle. This tool is used to excavate the soil. It is more suitable for hard soil which is quite difficult to dig with spade or hoe.

3. SPADE:

A spade is tool contains metal plate at the end of long wooden handle. It is used to dig the soil for foundation trenches etc.

4. DIGGING BAR:

A digging bar is a long straight solid metal rod with pin shape at the bottom used to dig the hard surfaces of ground. 

5. MEASURING BOX:

Measuring box is used to measure the quantity of cement, sand and aggregates used for making concrete mix. The volume of measuring box is generally 1 cum feet which makes it easy to measure concrete ratio. The general dimensions of measuring box are 300 x 300 x 400 mm.

6. HEAD PAN:

Head pan is commonly used in construction sites made of iron or plastic. It is used to lift excavated soil or cement or concrete to the working site.

7. MASONRY TROWEL:

The masonry trowel is used in brick work or stone work spreading, leveling and shaping mortar or concrete. It is made up of steel and wooden handle is provided for holding. The ends of trowel may be pointed or bull nosed.

8. FLOAT: 

It is made up of wood contains handle on its top and smooth surface on its bottom. Float is used to give a smooth finish to the plastered area.

9. WHEEL BARROW:

A wheel barrow is a small hand propelled vehicle with one wheel designed to be pushed by a single person using two handle at the rear. It is used to transport bulk weight of materials like cement, sand, mortar, concrete etc. 

10. PLUMB BOB:

A plumb bob is a weight with pointed tip at the bottom, suspended from a string and used as a vertical reference line or plumb line. It is used to check verticality of structures. It is also used in surveying to level the instrument position.  

11. CONCRETE MIXER:

A concrete mixer is a device that homogeneously mixes cement, aggregates such as sand or gravels and water to form concrete. A typical concrete mixer uses a revolving drum to mix the components.

12. CROWBAR:

Crow bars are commonly used to open nailed wooden crates, remove nails, or pry apart board.

13. BRICK HAMMER:

Brick hammer has one flat traditional face and a short or long chisel shaped blade. It is used to cut the bricks and also used to push the bricks if they come out from the course line. 

14. CHISEL:

A chisel is a tool that has a long metal blade with a sharp edge at the end and a handle which is struck with a hammer or mallet. It is generally used in wood work and must be useful to remove the concrete bumps or excess concrete in harden surface.

15. LINE AND PINS:

A line pin is a metal rod usually with a pointed, leaf shaped blade and and a flat button head. Lines are typically found in pairs as they are commonly used as anchor points for a brick line. It is used to level the alignment of bricks course while brick laying.

16. MEASURING TAP:

It is a common measuring tool consist of a ribbon of clothe, plastic, fiber glass or metal strip with linear measurement marking. It is used to check the thickness, length, widths of masonry walls, foundation beds, excavated trenches etc.

17. RUBBER BOOTS:

Safety rubber boots are required to protect legs may damaged due to contact with chemical materials like cement or physical accidents during the construction work.

18. GLOVES:

Gloves are required to prevent the hands from direct contact with cement, paints etc. and to avoid injury while using machines, tools etc. Gloves made from lather, cotton, synthetic, nitrile, latex, PVC or combinations of these.

19. HAND SAW:

Hand saw is used to cut wood materials like doors, windows etc.

20. LADDER:

A ladder is a vertical or inclined set of rugs or steps. It is also required in construction works to check the slab work, to transport material to the higher floor, to paint the walls etc.

21. TILE CUTTER:

Tile cutters are used to cut the tiles to a required shape and size. Sometimes normal size of tiles is larger than the size required at the corners where the floor meets the wall in that case tile cutter is useful. 

22. PUTTY KNIFE:

Putty knife is used to level the putty finishing and also used to reduce the thickness of finish when it is more thick.

23. DRILL MACHINE:

Drill machine is used to make holes in the walls, slabs, doors, window frames etc.

24. JACK PLANE:

Jack plane is used in the wooden work to smoothen the surface of doors, windows etc.

25. MASON SQUARE:

Mason square is used to achieve perfect right angle at the corner of masonry wall. It is L shaped. First course is laid properly using mason square then based on first, remaining layers of bricks are set out.

26. MEASURING WHEEL:

Measuring wheel is used to measure the distances or lengths. It contains a wheel of known diameter which record the number of complete revolutions from which distance can be measured. It makes the work easier.

27. EARTH RAMMER:

An earth rammer is a hand tool consist of big square shaped block with handle. Sometimes it is also called tamper. It is used in construction industries to compress or compact earth or soil. The earth rammer creates a solid, compacted layer of earth by compressing the soil repeatedly with its weight.

28. SAFETY GLASSES:

Safety glasses should be used to protect the eye from dust, chemical action of materials etc.

29. SAFETY HELMET:

The safety helmet is regarded one of the basic safety device required for workers in several industrial and construction related sectors in addition to industries likes mining's, petroleum, refineries and so on. If any material for structure may fall from height during construction work, it protect the head from injury or any fatal accident. 

30. SCRATCHER:

Plastering of a surface is carried out layer wise, minimum two layer are necessary for plastering. To provide a good bond between the old and new layer, old layer is scratched with the help of tool called scratcher.

31. SAND SCREEN MACHINE:

The sand screen machine is used to screen the sand or fine aggregate before mixing it with concrete. It should remove the impurities and coarse particles from sand.



32. SPIRIT LEVEL:
A spirit level is an instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is horizontal or vertical. It is made up of wood or hard plastic with bubble tube in the middle which is partially filled with alcohol so the air bubble is formed in it. It is used in brick masonry, plastering, flooring and tile work  to check the horizontal level of surface. The surface is leveled if the air bubble settles at the middle of the tube. 

33. POLISHER:
A polisher is a device used to smoothen the rough surfaces of tiles, marble, wood works etc. The smoothening makes them shine and the process is called polishing.



34. BUMP CUTTER:
A bump cutter is a tool used to leveled the fresh concrete surfaces likes concrete floors, foundations, pavement etc. This is also called screed.



35. CIRCULAR SAW:
Circular saw is used to cut wood boards, frames etc. It is used when accurate cutting is required in less time. It is safer then hand saw.


36. FRAMING HAMMER:
Framing hammer is used to used to drive and remove nails. 


37. VIBRATOR: 
A concrete vibrator is a construction tool typically used on construction pouring sites. The vibrators are used to ensure that the pour is free of air bubbles and are even. This is so that the concrete remains strong and has a smooth finish even after removal of the form work.